Answers.Test 2.

Listening comprehension.

1. (B) The question asked was, "What does the man mean?" The correct
answer is (B)-That the accident was a terrible thing, but more damage could
have occurred. When the woman complained about her car accident, the man
replied, "Well, it could have been worse."
2. (D) The question asked was, "What is the man implying?" The correct
answer is (D)-They should keep the money because they don't know if it
belongs to the little girls. When the woman spotted the money on the ground,
and asked if they should give i to the little girls running the lemonade stand,
the man replied, "No, we don't know for certain that it belongs to them."
3. (C) The question asked was, "What does the woman want to do about
dinner?" The correct answer is (C)-Order a pizza. When the man asked the
woman what they should do about dinner, the woman answered, "Let's order
out for a pizza."
4. (B) The question asked was, "What does the woman mean?" The correct
answer is (B)-It's three months after Halloween and the decorations should
have been removed by now. The woman said, "...I can't believe they still have
Halloween decorations up! it's the end of January!" Halloween occurs on
October 31. By the end of January, Halloween has been over for three months.
5. (C) The question asked was, "What does the woman mean?" The correct
answer is (C)-She and Susan had a disagreement, and are no longer speaking
to one another. When the man asked the woman why she did not say hello to
her friend Susan, the woman replied, "Susan and I are no longer on speaking
terms.
6. (A) The question asked was, "What is the man implying?" The correct
answer is (A)-The woman used the computer and erased his term paper. The
man said, "I had saved the term paper on the hard drive of this computer. Have
you used it recently?"
7. (A) The question asked was, "What is the woman implying?" The correct
answer is (A)-The man did not follow the recipe. The woman said, "These
cookies taste funny. Are you sure you added enough sugar?" If the recipe was
followed correctly, enough sugar would have been added, and the cookies
would not have tasted funny.
8. (B) The question asked was, "What is the most probable relationship
between these two people?" The correct answer is (B)-Brother and sister. The
woman said, "I broke mom's favorite vase!" and the man said, "...Just wait until
Dad gets home!" The most probable relationship between these two people is
"brother and sister," because both people collectively refer to "Mom" and
"Dad."
9. (D) The question asked was, "Where does this conversation most likely
take place?" The correct response is (D)-An ice cream parlor. The woman
said, "I'd like mint chocolate chip in a cup with rainbow sprinkles and
whipped cream, please," and the man said, "I'd like a banana split." These are
both things which would be ordered at an ice cream parlor.
10. (B) The question asked was, "How long ago does the woman think they
watched the movie?" The correct answer is (B)-Two weeks ago. The woman
said, "Why did you rent that movie again? We just watched it two weeks ago."
11. (B) The question asked was, "What does the man mean?" The correct
answer is (B)-Susan could have kept the book, he has another copy. The man
said, "1 have another copy. She could have kept it till her test was over." He
didn't mean that Susan could have made another copy or that he could give her
another book.
12. (A) The question asked was, "What seems to be the problem?" The
correct answer is (A)-The battery of the man's car is dead. The man said, "Oh,
no! Looks like the battery went down."
13. (C) The question asked was, "What is the man's opinion?" The correct
answer is (C)-The editorial in the college bulletin is not good. When the
woman asked the man about the editorial in the college bulletin, he said, "...it
stinks." This expression is used to show disgust for something. (A) and (B)
are not correct because the man was not refer- ring to the college campus or
the college bulletin but the editorial in the college bulletin. (D) is not correct
because the man was not making a general statement; he was referring to a
specific editorial.
14. (B) The question asked was, "Where did this conversation take place?"
Choices (A), (C), and (D) are incorrect, because the woman said, "Dr. Johnson
is with another patient." Only in a doctor's office, (B), would this conversation
take place.
15. (C) The question asked was, "Why is Mike not ready yet?" The correct
answer is (C)-He is still ironing his clothes. The man said, "No, he is still in
the laundry room pressing his clothes." It does not mean he is depressed or
does not like school.
16. (D) The question asked was, "What is the woman's response to the man's
suggestion?" The correct answer is (D)-The suggestion sounds good to her.
The woman said, "Fair enough!" It means it is satisfactory.
17. (B) The question asked was, "What time will the man pick up the
woman?" The correct answer is (B)-after five-thirty. When the man asked, "...is
four-thirty good?" The woman said, "That will be too early. My class is over
at five-thirty. Any time after that is good." So the man cannot pick her up at
four-thirty or earlier than that or any time. He will pick her up after five-thirty.
18. (A) The question asked was, "What does the man mean?" The correct
answer is (A)-Professor Miller offered more help than he had expected. When
the woman asked, "Did Professor Miller agree to discuss the topic again with
you?", the man said, "Yes. Not only that, he offered to give me some books on
the topic. That was more than 1 could ask for."
19. (C) The question asked was, "Where were the tickets?" The correct
answer is (C)-In the drawer. The woman said, "You said you kept them on
the desk. Thank goodness I checked the drawer...." This means that though the
man said he had kept the tickets on the desk, they were not there. They were in
the drawer.
20. (A) The question asked was, "Who gave the pen to the woman?" The
correct answer is (A)-Stephanie. The woman said, "My sister's friend
Stephanie gave it to me on my birthday." Her sister's friend, whose name is
Stephanie, gave it to her.
21. (D) The question asked was, "What does the man imply?" The correct
answer is (D)-He is happy to donate to a worthy cause. The man said, "I am
glad I could offer some help for a noble cause." He is happy to offer help for
the good work.
22. (C) The question asked was, "What is the man's opinion of Mrs. Wood?"
The correct answer is (C)-She is very inquisitive. The man said, "She is really
nosy, isn't she?" "Nosy" means inquisitive, not having a big nose or being
noisy.
23. (D) The question asked was, "Why does the man ask the woman not to
worry?" The correct answer is (D)-Because there is another train in ten
minutes. When the man said, "Don't worry! There is another in ten minutes,"
he was referring to a train and not a job.
24. (A) The question asked was, "How does the man feel about the woman's
decision?" The correct answer is (A)-Happy. The man said, "Really? What a
pleasant surprise!" This expression is used when one hears unexpected good
news.
25. (D) The question asked was, "What does the woman suggest?" The
correct answer is (D)-The man should try to get a loan from the bank. The
woman said, "1 would advise you to approach a bank. They have plenty of
loans available for students." She suggests that the man should go to a bank
and try to get a loan. It does not mean he should work in a bank or get money
from other students.
26. (A) The question asked was, "Who was the man looking for?" The
correct response is (A)-Jill. The man asked the woman, "Have you seen Jill
today?" This implies that he is looking for her and not just wanting to know if
the woman has seen her.
27. (C) The question asked was, "Why did the woman not see Jill?" The
correct response is (C)-She was in class. The woman responds to the man's
inquiry by slating. "No, I have been in class all day and have not seen her."
28. (D) The question asked was, "How come the man did not get the notes for
class?" The correct response is (D)-He was sick. The man told the woman that,
"She was supposed to give me the class notes from when I was sick and I need
them to study for the test tomorrow."
29. (D) The question asked was, "What class were the notes for?" The
correct answer is (D)-Science. For this question the listener will have to know
that chemistry is a science class and not one of the other choices. The woman
asked, "What class are the notes for?" The man replied, "Chemistry."
30. (C) The question asked was, "Why did the woman not need her notes?"
The correct response is (C)-She had already studied. The man is willing to
borrow her notes, but only if it is not inconvenient for her. Inconvenient means
not too much trouble. The woman replied, "I studied for the test last night so I
will not need my notes tonight."
31. (C) The question asked was, "What were these people talking about?"
The correct answer is (C)-The woman's performance. The conversation started
in reference to the woman's performance. And though there were references to
theatrical groups and nervousness in the conversation, the main topic was the
woman's performance.
32. (B) The question asked was, "Why was the woman nervous?" The correct
answer is (B)-Because the role she was going to play was challenging. The
woman said, "This role was a challenge and 1 was very nervous before the
performance." So, the reason for her being nervous was that the role was
difficult.
33. (A) The question asked was, "How did the woman start acting?" The
correct answer is (A)-By doing small child roles for a theatrical group. When
the man asked, "Have you been acting long?" the woman said, "Since I was
five. My father was associated with an amateur theatrical group. I started
acting by doing small child roles for them."
34. (D) The question asked was, "What does this man do?" The correct
answer is (D)-He is a student. In the conversation the man said, "1 am not an
actor. I am a student of art history."
35. (D) The question asked was, "Why did the woman feel flattered upon
realizing that the man wrote critiques of theatrical events?" The correct answer
is (D)-Because his opinion was valuable as a critic. The woman said to the
man, "You sound like you know a lot about acting." In response to that man
let her know that he wroute critiques of theatrical events. Then she
exclaimed, "Isn't that nice to know! I am really flattered by your compliments."
She is happy to be praised for acting by someone who knows about acting.
36. (C) The question asked was, "What are these people doing?" The correct
answer is (C)-Making a writing desk. In the conversation the man said, "Just
a few more minutes and we will have a perfect little writing desk here."
37. (A) The question asked was, "Where are they working?" The correct
answer is (A)-In the garage. Towards the end of the conversation the woman
said, "I don't want to waste another nice Sunday in the garage making some
piece of furniture." This means they are in the garage now and the woman does
not enjoy it.
38. (D) The question asked was, "Why does the man like making furniture?"
The correct answer is (D)-Because he thinks that by doing so he can have a
choice in material and design and save some money. When the woman
expressed her inability to understand how anyone could enjoy making a
writing desk on a Sunday, the man pointed out the advantages of making
something oneself: " ...you can choose your own design...you can save money
on labor."
39. (C) The question asked was, "From where did the man get the idea?" The
correct answer is (C)-From a book. When the woman exclaimed, "I wonder
who gives you such fantastic ideas!" the man said, "Nobody, I just bought an
easy-to-make furniture manual. It has many such wonderful designs." So he
found the idea and design from the book he bought. Obviously, neither the
woman nor a friend gave him the idea.
40. (B) The question asked was, "What does the woman want to do with the
book?" The correct answer is (B)-Hide it away till winter. When the man
asked, "Want to have a look at it?" the woman said, "No, I want to hide it till
winter." The woman does not sound very interested in making furniture, so she
wouldn't want to read it. Nor does she want to throw it away or give it away.
She only wants to hide it till winter. Maybe she doesn't mind making furniture
in winter.
41. (C) The question asked was, "What is the capital of the Byzantine
empire?" The correct response is (C)-Constantinople. This is given in the first
line of the paragraph The other choices are all names that also appeared in the
short talk 42. (B) The question asked was, "How many cities compose the
empire's infrastructure? " The correct response is (B)-1500. The listener for
this question must be able to differentiate the different numbers that appear in
the answer choices. The listener should know that "one thousand five
hundred" looks like 1500. English does not always put an "and" between
numbers.
43. (A) The question asked was, "Who founded the city?" The correct
response is (A)-Greeks. The answer to this question comes for the line,
"Founded by Greek colonists, the city's location at the mouth of the
Dardanelles gave it access to the Black Sea and the Sea of Mamara" To
"found" a city is another way of saying to establish or create Constantine
moved his capital to it and changed the name but he did not create it.
44. (D) The question asked was, "Who changed the name of the city?" The
correct response is (D)-Constantine. This question is asking for a "who" and
not "what" the name was changed to. The answer is found in the line, "The
city's name was changed from Byzantium to Constantinople when Constantine
moved his capital to the site."
45. (A) The question asked was, "What was constructed during the
expansion of the city?" The correct response is (A)-Forums and temples. The
other choices in this answer may all be correct, but it cannot be learned from
the information given. "Forums and temples" is the best choice to the question.
46. (C) The question asked was, "What does a breeze passing through trees
sound like?" The correct answer is (C)-A soft musical note. The talk started
with a question about the sound of a breeze passing through a thick cluster of
trees and the statement following was, "...it is so rhythmic and sonorous that it
sounds like a soft musical note." "It" here refers to the sound of a breeze.
47. (D) The question asked was, "Why do we find it difficult to listen to the
music of a breeze in our everyday lives?" The correct answer is (D)-Because
we are surrounded by a lot of other noise. In the talk you heard, "In our
everyday hectic lives, we don't hear it (the music of a breeze) because there is
so much other noise around us-from machines, from cars and buses, from
people." It is this noise that does not allow us to pay attention to that music.
48. (B) The question asked was, "What is an important skill for a healthy
life according to this talk?" The correct answer is (B)-The ability to
communicate with nature. In the talk there was a statement, "In fact, one can
actually learn to communicate with nature." According to the talk
communication with nature can take a lot of stress off our minds. And that is
why, according to this talk, "the ability to communicate with nature is an
important skill for a healthy life."
49. (D) The question asked was, "Why is the effect of nature so soothing?"
The correct answer is (D)-Because it relieves our minds of a lot of stress.
Though there were references to different types of music found in nature in the
talk, why the effect of nature is soothing is because it relieves our minds of
stress. In the talk you heard "...it is very soothing. It takes a lot of stress off our
minds."
50. (C) The question asked was, "Who does the author want to teach the
music of nature to?" The correct response is (C)-Children. In the last line of
the talk, the reader says, "It would be wonderful if we could teach our children
such an important skill for a healthy life." The other answer choices are
mentioned in the passage, but do not answer the question.

Structure and written expression.

1.` (B)` (A) is incorrect because while the subject is in the singular, `one of the, `the main
verb is in the plural, have. (B) is the correct answer. The subject is plural and so is the
corresponding verb. (C) is incorrect. It is unacceptable to use `any` while writing a sure
statement. `Any `can be used if the sentence reads as follows:` Any `of the aspects of his talk
`may `have global applications. (D) is incorrect. If the sentence is begun with (D), it remains
incomplete. `Although `is used only to juxtapose two different ideas.
2.` (B) ` (A) is incorrect because the sentence has no object. The sentence leaves us asking` The
American way of life has admired and criticized what?` (B) is correct. It is a passive sentence.
(C) is incorrect because the subject is singular, but the verb is in the plural form. (D) is incorrect
because the nouns` admiration` and` criticism` have been wrongly used.
3.` (C)` (A) is incorrect because it indicates that only one` student's` hands were dirty (B) is
incorrect because there is no indication of possession, as denoted by apostrophes (C) is correct.
When the apostrophe is placed after the plural marker, it shows that` all` the students' hands
were dirty. (D) is incorrect. All the students cannot have only one hand.
4.` (B)` (A) is incorrect. Air fare that is expensive cannot be attractive too. (B) is correct.`
Less...more...than ever before` is the structure. It is a comparison of fares that have become less
expensive, and therefore more attractive than before. (C) and (D) are incorrect because the
second part of the clause does not fit in with the` ...than ever before.` It has to be` more
attractive than ever before.`
5.` (B)` (A) is incorrect because `little `is used with uncountable nouns. (B) is correct. `Few
`without an article suggests the small number of people who study Latin and compares it in this
sentence to most of the people who seem to prefer Spanish and the like. (C) is incorrect,
because in a comparison it is necessary to have a conjunction such as but when using `many
`and `most.` (D) is incorrect because much is used with uncountable nouns.
6.` (B)` (A) is incorrect because of the inconsistency of tense in the sentence. The first part
of the sentence is in the simple past, while the second is in the present perfect. (B) is correct.
The tenses are correct for both parts of the sentence. (C) is incorrect because of the same reason
as (A). (D) is incorrect because the first part of does not lend itself to comparison as does the
second part. The structure in the `further...the` less.
7.` (C)` (A) is incorrect. Although it is accepted in spoken American English, `that `is used only
in reference to ideas, things, and nonpeople nouns. (B) is incorrect because `whom ` is used
with a preposition such as `to whom, with whom, from whom, `etc. (C) is correct. The relative
pronoun `who `refers to the man who saved you from drowning. (D) is incorrect. `Whose `is a
relative pronoun used to show possession, such as `whose bag, `etc.
8.` (D)` (A) is incorrect because the subject is plural and` herself` is a reflexive pronoun in
third person singular. (B) is incorrect because` they` is unacceptable usage here. It can only be`
them.` (C) is incorrect. The reflexive pronoun for` them is themselves,` in plural. (D) is the
correct answer: third person plural reflexive pronoun.
9.` (B)` (A) is incorrect. The relative pronoun` who` is used only to refer to people. In this
case, reference is to` pleading.` (B) is the correct answer. The relative pronoun for an idea or
thing is` which.` (C) is incorrect. Refer to answer (B). (D) is incorrect. If the reason was the
subject of the sentence, `why` would have been acceptable. But the sentence begins with` The
only thing....`
10.` (A)` (A) is the correct answer.` Living` is a gerund, a verb that can be used as a noun. (B)
is incorrect because of the lack of the pronoun` it,` after` Having lived with deadly snakes.`
Without the pronoun, we will have to ask,` what` is a way of life? (C) and (D) are incorrect
because the verb of the sentence is in the singular, while the subject is in
the plural.
11.` (D)` (A) is incorrect. There is an unnecessary repetition of `she wrote.` (B) is incorrect
because `beside` is used to show proximity rather than addition. (C) is incorrect because `also`
and `as well` `as `are repetitions of the same thing. (D) is correct. It is important to pay attention
to the difference between `beside `and `besides. Besides `refers to ideas such as `other than.
`Other than writing articles for the local newspaper, she wrote poetry.
12.` (C)` (A) and (B) are incorrect because` furniture` is an uncountable noun, while `many`
is used only with countable nouns. (C) is the correct answer. Furniture can be ordered in large
quantities and amounts, as they are uncountable. (D) is incorrect.
13.` (B)` (A) is incorrect because` are thought` of shows that the thought prevails now and not
since the beginning of time. (B) is the correct answer. Present perfect in the passive voice is the
correct tense form to show that from the very beginning of time, people have thought of women
as being inferior to men. (C) is incorrect because` thoughtful ` is an adjective which means`
considerate.` Although it has the same root word, thought, it means something quite different.
(D) is incorrect because` were thought` can be used only if the thought` used to prevail` and it
no longer
14.` (B)` (A) is incorrect because` during` can be used only in reference to a period of time,
e.g.,` during the recess, during the talk, during the performance.` It is incorrect to use it with
actions, like during talking, during dancing. (B) is the correct answer, in the process of talking
about recycling, the speaker also stressed paper conservation. (C) is incorrect because` in the
event` suggests` as a result of talking,` but the meaning is` while talking.` (D) is incorrect
because the subject of the sentence is the speaker's stressing the importance of recycling and
paper conservation. Therefore, the sentence can only begin, `While talking about....`
15.` (A)` (A) is correct. The clause refers to the metaphor and adds the information that they
are often used in poetry. (B), (C), and (D) are incorrect because they contribute a main verb,`
has` `use, `which is unnecessary. The sentence already has a main verb,` compares.
16.` (A)` (A) is incorrect. The main verb is` will be.` Although main verbs may be broken up
to accommodate an adverb, in this case, it distorts the meaning. The sentence- should read`
...will be far less likely to contribute....
17.` (B)` (B) is the incorrect answer. As the reference here is to all the wealthin general, it
should be` the wealthy.
18.` (A)` (A) is incorrect. It should read A` self-educated philosopher and orphan. `The
sentence is a simple case of reversed subject and adjectival clause, it is a reversal of `Confucius,
a self-educated philosopher and orphan....` Therefore, the article a is necessary.
19.` (D)` (D) is incorrect. The` neither...nor` structure is one that must be paid close attention.
The verb that follows the structure is always in the singular. It is common to make the mistake
of using the plural from when the sentence is perceived as having two subjects. The sentence
should read,` Neither too much rest nor a diet of rich food is good for the body.
20.` (B)` (B) is incorrect. This sentence calls for careful reading. If we ask the question,`
"What is associated with African-American music?"`the answer is in the plural form, lively and
sentimental minstrel songs. Therefore, the verb should be put in the plural form to read,` have been.
21. ` (C)` (C) is incorrect. The correct part of speech to be used I the word:` necessity.` The
video recorder has become a necessity.
22.` (C)` (C) is incorrect. When the date includes a number, such as 12th, 31st, or a day, such
as Monday or Friday, the pronoun that goes with it is on
23.` (C)` (C) is incorrect. With` suggested to,` the verb that follows should be in the
infinitive,` to continue.` The sentence would therefore read` ...report suggested to the
agricultural countries that they continue with...
24.` (A)` (A) is incorrect. The first relative pronoun, who, is not needed. The Maya people`
considered the numbers and days in their calendar as a procession of gods who marched along
an eternal trail with no beginning and no end.` The second who is necessary because it is the
gods who marched, not the Maya people.
25.` (C)` (C) is incorrect. The preposition is not necessary when used with` reached. `However,
if the verb was` arrived, at` would be needed. The lute` reached` Europe during the Middle Ages.
26.` (C)` (C) is incorrect. Maugham's stories are like those of Maupassant in their directness
and firm structure; e.g., she is like me `in `her dislike for seafood, is another way of saying that
we both dislike seafood.
27.` (A)` (A) is incorrect.` Animal feed` is a compound word and comes under the category of
words like` man hunt, animal farm,` etc. Although it may stand for plural nouns, it is used in the
singular.
28.` (B)` (B) is incorrect. Although it would have been acceptable to use` nearly` in that
place,` close `does not become `closely`. It should read `...Finland's population, close to
900,000...
29.` (B)` (B) is incorrect. There should also be a relative pronoun here, which, it part of the
clause,` and which many foreigners could not understand.
30.` (C)` (C) is incorrect.` Liking` can easily be mistaken for being part of the verb` are
liking,` but it really is an adverb there and should read,` are likely to talk about their children.
31.` (A)` (A) is incorrect. If the second part of the sentence were taken away, the fir part
would be left without a verb. It should read` The dam was used as a drinking water reservoir....
32.` (D)` (D) is incorrect.` Of these` is redundant because of the presence of` other' Others`
by itself means` other new words.
33.` (D)` (D) is incorrect.` Greater` can be used here only if the comparison is between two
rivers. It is obviously a comparison of all the big rivers in the world, so` greatest` i: the correct
answer.
34.` (A)` (A) is incorrect. By doing something is the correct structure, e.g., `by faxing the
synopsis, by writing the memo`, etc. In this case, there is no need for `by `before `having faxed.
`The expression means that the act has been done.
35.` (C)` (C) is incorrect.` Would` is the modal for showing preference as Patricia did here.
She would rather have the microwave.
36.` (C)` (C) is incorrect.` To administer` should be the correct conjugation of the verb. The
sentence is in the imperative:` try` not to administer is the important thing to note here.
37.` (C)` (C) is incorrect. Although the mystery may pertain to the wood wood it does not
become the woodpeckers' mystery. So it suffices to say` the` `mystery.
38.` (D)` (D) is incorrect. It should read` each other.` Although at a glance it may appear
correct, the important thing to note here is that the nouns are two in number. In such a case, it
should be` each other.` If there were three families or more, it would be` one another.
39.` (A)` (A) is incorrect. It is often easy to mistake words that are made from the common
root word, as in this case.` On the whole` does not mean the same thing as `wholly.` Wholly
means totally; while` On the whole` means globally, or in the surface.
40.` (B)` (B) is incorrect. This sentence is another that has to be studied carefully. The
sentence began with a plural noun,` justices,` but it later talks about the` majority,` which is a
singular noun. Therefore, the verb should be singular and should read` has voted.`

Reading comprehension and vocabulary.

1. (D) "Journal" is the answer. "Publication" refers back to "instruction
guides" and of the four choices, only (D) is a written item. The other choices
are all references to items in the passage, but they are not applicable to the
question.
2. (A)"Sufficient" is the correct answer. The sentence where this word is
found begins with "although". This usually means that the first half of the
sentence will be the opposite of the second half. The first half of the sentence
informs the reader of the helpfulness of the publications. It follows that the
second half would describe how the books were not helpful. Choice (B) how
"unhelpful" might seem like the correct choice, but the second half of the
sentence begins with a negative so "adequate" would need to be a positive
word, in this case (A) "sufficiant". Choices (C) and (D) are not applicable to
this sentence.
3. (A) Althogh this type of question may seem like a lot of work, the ansver to
this one is given in the last sentence of the passage. "Over time we have
developed guidelines and questions that have proven successful for us; we
hope that the following suggestions will be helpful to anyone who wishes to
collect the folklore of his or her family." Suggestions The phrase, "the
questions that follow" indicates that what follows would be (A) "how to
gather family folklore," The other choices are all topics discussed in the
passage, but not what would follow.
4. (B) The answer to this question can be found in the sentence, "To prepare
for these interviews we drew upon our academic backgrounds in folklore and
American studies, and upon our personal backgrounds as members of
families." That their academic backgrounds were in folklore and American
studies suggests that (B) "They were historians and sociologists." Even though
they had families, it does hot mean (C) "They had children." Choices (A) and
(D) are not mentioned in the passage.
5. (C) The purpose of this passage is to (C) "instruct." The passage was
written as an introduction to a "how-to" on on compiling family folklore. The
passage does not (A)"motivate," (B) "berate or insult," or (D) cajole or flatter."
6. (B) "American history is inherent in the family folklore in America" is
correct.(A) "anyone can successfully interview people about their family
folklore without prior training," may appear to be true, but one must then
realize that the results will not be as comprehensive and effective as compared
to an interview carried out by someone with prior training. (C) "American
history and folklore of Americans have no connections" is implied as incorrect
by the words "background in folklore and American studies," showing a
connection according to the staff at the Smithsonian Institution. (D) "no
guidelines are needed in the interviews" is false, as demonstrated by the
Smithsonian group, who felt the need to write their own
7. (A) "Clinical sociology guides" are the only ones not discussed in the
passage. (B) "genealogy guides," (C) "oral history," and (D) "folklore
fieldwork," are all mentioned.
8. (B) The implication is that staff members of the Smithsonian Institution's
Family Folklore Project are most likely college graduates. (A) "life
experience," (C) "fieldwork, and (D) "travel," do not necessarily take place in a
college setting.
9. (D) The phrase "no single book was completely adequate since folklore
combines aspects of all the above disciplines" clearly shows that
"interdisciplinary" is correct. As the passage does state that the definition does
represent it as historical, traditional, and academic in nature. (A), (B), and (C)
are not correct.
10. (D) "Over time, we have developed guidelines and questions that have
proved successful for us" indicates that "write their own guidelines on how to
collect family folklore" was their decision. (A) "use only a fieldwork guide to
proceed with their work," (B) "to trust only already published guides on how
to proceed," and (C) "to use only historical accounts on how to collect family
folklore," are disproved by the statement that they did develop their own
guidelines and questions.
11. (C) The answer to this question is in the sentence, "Cultured pearls are
not easily distinguished from natural pearls except by an expert." Of the four
choices, only (C) "jeweler," would have the expert knowledge of pearls.
12. (B) "Contaminant" is the correct answer. In this sentence, an "impurity"
is a particle that has invaded the shell of the mollusk. Choices (A) and (D) do
not make sense in the sentence. Choice (C) "pearl," is not correct because the
pearl is created after the contaminant has irritated the mollusk.
13 (A) "annoyance" is the correct response. An irritant is something that
causes uncomfortableness or annoyance. Choices (B) "aid" and (C) "relief" are
the opposite in meaning. Choice (D) is not relevant to this sentence.
14. (C) The answer to this question is provided in the sentence, "Nacre is
composed chiefly of calcium carbonate." The other answer choices are items
mentioned within the passage, but not components of nacre.
15. (A) "Deliberate" is the correct response. To do something intentionally is
to do it deliberately or with forethought. Choices (B) "accidental" and (C)
"unconscious" are the opposite in meaning. Choice (D) has no relationship to
the answer.
16. (D) "Organic gem" is mentioned in the first sentence. While (B) "a
gemstone," is a partial answer, it is not complete. (A) "a rock," and (C) "a
mineral" are not mentioned at all.
17. (B) "The introduction of the irritating impurity" is described in the
second sentence as the difference between a pearl and a cultured pearl. (A)
"color" is not mentioned in the passage. (C) The "coating material" is nacre for
both a cultured and a natural pearl. (D) "irritating impurity" is not correct
because it is not a complete answer.
18. (C) "Organically secreted by the mollusk" can be inferred by the
statement "The mollusk (i.e., the organism) coats the irritant with a substance
called nacre." (A) "mechanically manufactured," (B) "the result of laboratory
testing," and (D) "present in the chemical composition of freshwater ponds"
are not correct.
19. (C) The passage discusses two forms of pearl-making. (B) The allusion
that cultured pearls are of a higher quality than natural pearls is never
mentioned. Choices (A) and (D) both refer to a lack of supply of natural
pearls. While it is possible that this "drought" is taking place, the passage
does not state clearly why there are more cultured pearls being used; this may
be the result of the lesser cost of the cultured pearls, or perhaps because they
can be made more quickly and easily.
20. (C) "The water organism" is the correct answer, taken from the
statement, "a cultured pearl is the result of the intentional insertion of a
mother-of-pearl bead into a live marine mollusk." (A) "any animal" is much too
broad to be correct, as a mollusk is a specific animal. (B) "a land animal" is
totally incorrect as pearls are grown in the water. The word "marine" in the
second sentence is an important clue. (D) "all of the above," cannot be true if
some of the answers are incorrect.
21. (C) The answer to this question is given in the list of the first paragraph.
The only item not listed is (C) "as medical cures." The other three are
mentioned in order in the second sentence.
22. (A) "Keep" is the correct answer. To retain something is to keep it in
this case. The constellations are keeping the names given to them by the
Greeks. Choice (B) "eliminate" is the opposite in meaning to the sentence.
Choices (C) and (D) have nothing to do with the sentence.
23. (A) The answer to this question requires some simple math. The ancient
Greeks discovered 48 star patterns. Astronomers now know of 88 such
patterns. When you subtract 48 from 88, your remainder is (A) "40." Do not
try to add the two numbers since the question asks for the number found
between then and now.
24. (C) "Drawn" is the correct answer. Although "drawing" usually refers to
pictures, it also means "to be obtained from." In this sentence, the star patterns
are obtaining their names from Greek mythology. The other choices are not
appropriate to this question.
25. (C) The passage states, "The names for many of these star patterns retain
the names given to them by the Greeks which were most often derived from
mythology." Of the four choices, the one that would most likely be a figure
from Greek mythology would be (C)-an ancient Greek hero.
26. (C) "Man has depended on the stars at times" is clearly stated by the
words "the stars have been relied upon." (A) "man never depends on the stars"
is the opposite of this statement and is therefore incorrect. (B) "stars are only
for beautifying our skies" is proved incorrect by the words "relied upon" and
(D) "moons are the same as stars" is never mentioned.
27, (D) References to "the dawn of civilization" and "ancient stargazers"
imply a long-time fascination. (A) "only adults are intrigued with the stars and
constellations" is disproved by the use of "humanity," indicating all age
groups. (B) "stars have scientific significance only" is disproved by "the stars
have been relied upon to direct travelers, to make agricultural predictions, to
win wars and to awaken love in the hearts of men and women." (C) is also
disproved by the use of "humanity," and the knowledge that adults travel, make
predictions, and participate in wars.
28. (A) "Predictions" refers to "crop fertility" as seen in the words
"agricultural predictions." (B) "war success" is modified by the word "win,"
not "predict." (C) "Cupid's progress" is implied by and preceded by the word
"awaken." (D) "travel directions" is preceded by the words "relied upon."
29. (B) "Charted" means identified according to composition and location,
as seen in the words "definite star patterns." (A) "admired" means to be looked
at favorably. (C) "illustrated" implies picture form without words. (D) "named"
refers merely to the calling of something by a specific name.
30. (D) "Patterns-constellations" are synonymous as seen in the phrase
"patterns or constellations" in the last sentence. (A) "humanity-astronomers"
are not always the same. (B) "different parts-different times" are two different
things. (C) "stargazers-travelers" are also two different kinds of people.
31. (A) According to the passage, "Most of the parks described in this book
do not offer meals and lodging." The correct answer is (A) "lodging." The
other three choices are all things that parks do provide according to the
passage.
32. (C) The answer for this question is taken directly from the passage.
"Most have parking lots, restrooms, and other features that are accessible to
disabled persons." In this sentence, "disabled" means "handicapped." Choices
(A), (B), and (D) may be accessible to a handicapped person, but they are not
mentioned in the passage.
33. (A) According to the passage, "There you will find information on
attractions. facilities, and activities such as scenic drives, nature trails, and
historic tours." This question is a simple content question, and the information
is found in the second sentence of the passage. The other choices are not
mentioned as being part of the Visitor's Center.
34. (D) "Representative" is the correct response. A description offers a
representation of a person, place or thing. Do not think that because a
description deals with appearance. that choice (B) "comely" or choice (C)
"beautiful" is correct. Choice (A) "natural" is also incorrect. Do not think that
because the passage is discussing nature that "natural" is a possibility.
35. (B) "Ask" is the correct response. To inquire is to ask. Choice (A)
"demand" is the opposite of the intended meaning. The other choices are not
synonyms for "inquire."
36. (C) "The ease with which a physically disabled person can get to and
through a park" is implied in the second paragraph. (A) "availability of
admission tickets to certain areas" implies that tickets may or may not be
available. (B) "availability of park staff to assist people" is not an issue of
actual accessibility. (D) "in what direction one drives to get to a particular
attraction" does not imply accessibility, but rather necessary knowledge to get
there. The context of the word usage is important for this answer.
37. (B) "They are welcome and provided for in most parks" is seen in the
sentence, "Many parks can provide assistance for those who have visual,
auditory, or other physical handicaps." (A) "they are welcome but not provided
for," is incorrect. (C) "they are not really welcome in most parks" is not true as
implied by the words, "most parks can provide assistance." (D) "there are no
facilities for them in most parks" is not true, as implied by the phrase "many
parks can provide assistance."
38. (A) "Interviews with inhabitants" is not mentioned in the first paragraph
as are (B) "exhibits," (C) "literature," and (D) "films."
39. (C) Meals and lodging describe the word "accommodations" as seen in
the last sentence of the first paragraph. (A) "scenic drives-nature trails," (B)
"geology-history" and (D) "plant life-animal life" have nothing to do with
accommodations.
40. (D) The first sentence of the second paragraph does not include mental
limitations in its list of special assistance provisions. All others are included
in the author's list of limitations and are, therefore, incorrect.
41. (B) According to the last sentence of the passage, "If the board must be
cut, do not inhale the dust; do the work outdoors, using a breathing mask."
The correct response is (B) "outdoors." All the other choices are opposite to
what is supposedly needed, which is an open space.
42. (C) According to the last sentence of the passage, "If the board must be
cut, do not inhale the dust; do the work outdoors, using a breathing mask."
The correct response is (C) "wear a breathing mask." Choice (B) "paint the
board first" is recommended to keep the fibers from coming loose. If the board
is being cut then the fibers will come loose anyway and the paint will not be
effective. Choices (A) and (D) are not mentioned in the passage as safety
precautions.
43. (A) "Danger" is the correct response. There are not context clues to the
meaning of the word within the sentence itself, but from the overall tone of the
passage, the reader should be able to determine that asbestos is dangerous.
Therefore, if asbestos is health hazard, it is probably a danger to your health.
Choices (B), (C), and (D) are all opposite to the meaning of "hazard."
44. (D) "Warning" is the correct choice. Choices (A) "instruction" and (C)
"aid" are both potentially correct, but do not offer as strong a message as (D)
"warning." The authors' word choice within the passage includes, "hazard,"
"strongly recommended", and "cautiously." These are all very strong words, so
there tone is one of warning and not just aid or instruction.
45. (C) "Criterion" is the correct choice. A standard could be a (B) "flag,"
but it does not fit in the context of this passage. Choices (A) and (D) are
references to topics discussed within the passage, but they do not refer to
"standards."
46. (C) "Asbestos can be harmful to one's health" is implied in such terms as
"health hazard," "as a standard protection," "alternate protection," "use it
cautiously," "do not inhale," and "use a breathing mask." (A) "asbestos is as
safe as other building materials" is not correct in light of the words, "health
hazard of asbestos fibers." (B) is not correct because "do not inhale the dust"
implies that the dust is a hazard to your lungs, too. (D) "using asbestos in
building materials is all right" is qualified by the words of caution, "if you
must use the asbestos millboard."
47. (B) "Becoming active" is implied by the statement "initiating the process
of removing asbestos as a standard protection." (A) "promoting asbestos as a
safe building material" is directly opposite the statement "initiating the
process of removing asbestos." (C) "taking a 'wait and see' position on
asbestos as a building material" is directly opposite the idea implied through
the use of word "initiating." (D) "staying out of the asbestos controversy
completely" is in direct opposition to the idea implied through the use of the
word "initiating."
48. (B) There are strong opinions on both sides because, although the
material is hazardous, its use is widespread, and it would be costly to
substitute. (A) and (C) are similar incorrect choices, meaning that there is no
controversy. (D) also implies a lack of controversy, but this time it is because
of a lack of concern.
49. (A) "Breathe into either nose or mouth" is the correct answer, as a
breathing mask is suggested to stop this hazard. (B) "take in air through the
eyes" is not discussed in the paragraph. (C) "get fibers under fingernails" is not
discussed, nor is (D) "get fibers in open cuts and sores."
50. (D) Paint is offered as a deterrent to the hazard of asbestos in the
statement, "We recommend painting the asbestos to help keep the fibers from
coming loose." (A) "water," (B) "boards," and (C) "air" are not discussed in the
passage as possible deterrents.
51. (A) "Device" is the correct choice. Within the sentence "apparatus" is
described by both "vocal" and child's," therefore, it is unlikely that either (B)
"child" or (D) "speech" would be the correct choices. A noun is almost never
used to describe itself. Choice (C) can be eliminated because you cannot have
a vocal "brain."
52. (B) "Described" is the correct response. The "characteristic" of anything
are the qualities of the item. When used as a verb, "characterize," it means to
describe the qualities. The other choices are not synonyms of "characterized."
53. (D) The answer to this question is in the sentence, "These children have
very slow, halting speech with many false starts before the right sounds are
produced." The other three choices mentioned are all contrary to the
description of the characteristics of verbal dyspraxia.
54. (C) "Unrecognizable" is the correct answer. In describing the speech of
children with verbal dyspraxia, it is never (A) "clear" or (B) "unstoppable."
From the context of the sentence "unintelligible" is in and the one that
follows, (D) "slow" can be eliminated because the sample of speech given is
(C) "unrecognizable" as speech.
55. (B) "Problem" is the correct choice. Choice (A) "repair" is the opposite
of the meaning of the sentence. If it was repaired, then there would be no
difficulties with speech. Choices (C) "speech" and (D) "instructions" are
referred to in the passage, but they are not synonyms to "impairment."
56. (A) Produce "precise speech sounds" is described in the words "inability
to produce the sequential, rapid and precise movements required for speech."
(B) "vowel sounds" is incorrect because the passage states that some children
speak only in vowel sounds. (C) "more than one sound in a series" is incorrect
because the passage shows the little boy could make more than one sound at a
time with his "eye a eh ee-ee." (D) "any human sounds" is incorrect because
the child described can make vowel sounds as well as exhibit "halting speech."
57. (D) "Common" is synonymous to the description of sound omissions in
the sentence "This disorder is characterized by many sound omissions." (A)
"only occasional," (B) "very rare." and (C) "nonexistent" are all disproven by
the word "many" in the above sentence.
58. (C) "Verbal dyspraxics and children with phonological impairment" can
have similar problems, as noted in the last sentence. (A) "stroke victims." (B)
"heart attack victims," and (D) "mutes" are not mentioned.
59. (B) "Without consonants human speech is unintelligible" is implied by
the phrase "speak only in vowels making their speech unintelligible." (A) "they
are not necessary for intelligent human speech" is disproved by the words
"speak only in vowels, making their speech nearly unintelligible." (C) "lack of
them causes stuttering" is not discussed in the passage. (D) "lack of them
slows down human speech" may be true, but is not the entire answer.
60. (B) "The brain's inability to give instructions for motor movements
involved with speech" is found in the phrase "but the child's brain cannot give
correct instructions." (A) "vocal apparatus," (C) "the child's personality," +and
(D) "a physical disability" are all incorrect as the "brain's inability" is given as
the "real culprit."

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