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Adjectives

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67. Determiners: "a" and "an".

Both "a" and "an" mean "one"; they're used before singular count nouns. "A" is used before words beginning with CONSONANT SOUNDS.

a Foreign student
a Big decision
a Heel
a History

'Y', 'U'(often) and 'O'(sometimes) have consonant spelling (sounds [j], [j], [w]).

a Youth
a University [j]
a Union [j]
a One-time politician [w]

"An" is used before words beginning with VOWEL SOUNDS.

an International student
an Eye
an Oak
an Ulcer [a]

'H' isn't sounded in the beginning of some words; they begin with vowel sound.

an Honor
an Historical monument
an Hour

Word "hotel" is written either "a hotel" or "an hotel"

68. THE is used before

- count nouns;

- -ing forms with qualifying phrases (65);

- non-count nouns with qualifying phrases;

the + non-count noun + qualifying phrase

The art of Africa is very interesting.
The history of Middle Ages is obscure.
The work of many people was necessary to reach the purpose.

69. No article means "all".

No article before a non-count or a plural noun has the same meaning as "all".

[ All ] + noun(non-count) + V(singular)

All art is interesting.

Art is interesting.

[ All ] + noun(count plural) + V(plural)

All mice have tails.
Mice have tails.

Don't use "the" to express "all".

70. "No" means "not any".

"No" means "not any"; it's used with either a singular or plural count noun or with a non-count noun.

No + noun( count sing.) + V(sing.)

No + noun( count plur.) + V(plur.)

No animal lives in this desert.
No animals live in this desert.

No + noun( non-count ) + V(sing.)

No life exists on the moon.
No art is taught in this college.

Don't use "not" or "none" instead of "no". Don't use a singular verb with a plural noun.

71. "One of the" and "some of the".

"One of the" means one of the group. "Some [of the]" means several of a group.

One of the + noun( count plur.) + V(sing.)

One of the trees is dead.

Some of the + noun( count plur.) + V(plur.)

Some of the trees are dead.

Some of the + noun( non-count ) + V(sing.)

Some of the art is in the museum.

Don't use: "one of the" with non-count nouns or with plural verb. Don't use: "some of the" with singular count nouns.

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