They both mean "in place of", but INSTEAD OF is used before a noun, and INSTEAD is used at the end of a sentence or a clause to refer to a noun that has already been mentioned.
The went to Colorado instead of abroad. [They didn't go abroad;] They went to Colorado instead.
114. Example - SUCH AS.
such as + noun(example)
Some trees, such as pines, are evergreen.
115. Condition and unexpected result - DESPITE and INSPITE OF.
DESPITE = (INSPITE OF).
They introduce a contradiction in a sentence or clause of cause-and-result.
Despite his preparations, he failed the exam.
Inspite of his preparations, he failed the exam.
Don't use "despite" with "of"; Don't use "inspite" without "of".
116. Cause - BECAUSE OF and BECAUSE.
BECAUSE OF is a prepositional phrase; it introduces a noun or a noun phrase.
BECAUSE is a conjunction. It introduces a clause with a subject and an object.
( cause )
because + S + V
They decided to stay at home because the weather was bad.
because of + noun(cause)
They decided to stay at home because the weather.
Don't use "because of" before a subject and a verb; Don't use "because" before a noun which isn't followed by a verb.
117. Cause - FROM.
FROM is usually used after adjectives.
adj.+from (cause)
The chairs are wet from the rain.
The chairs are wet from sitting out in the rain.
Don't use "for" before the -ing noun.
118. Purpose – FOR
FOR is used before a noun to express purpose for a tool or instrument. Some nouns are -ing forms.
noun(instrument)+for+noun
It is good dress for dinner.
This is a medication for heart.
This is a good book for research.
This is a good book for researching the topic.
Don't use "for to" before the -ing noun.
119. Means - BY.
BY expresses means; it answers the question "how?".
by+ -ing
This report was written by programming a computer.
